Fig. 6

Eg5 inhibition results in the collapse of the bipolar spindle, metaphase arrest, and the activation of the spindle assembly checkpoint, which further leads to the increase of polyploid and apoptotic cells. First, the polyploid and apoptotic cells are recognized and phagocytosed by the macrophages during the innate immunity. Secondly, the polyploid and apoptotic cells stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of lymphoid T and B cells during adaptive immunity. This process is mediated by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) followed by the activation of T cells. In addition, IL-2, IL-7, and IL-18 also stimulate T cells to proliferate and differentiate into memory T cells and effector T cells. Moreover, B cells are also activated by Th2 cells and CD4⁺ cells to proliferate and differentiate into memory B cells and plasma cells. During blood circulation, the differentiated T and B cells, neutrophils, and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) adhere, migrate and enter other organs to recognize and kill polyploid and apoptotic cells throughout the body. After Eg5 inhibition, the immune responses, including inflammation, endocytosis, cell-mediated immunity, and humoral immunity, occur in the organs with vigorous metabolism and cell division, such as the liver, kidney, and eyes.