Fig. 4

Kinetic assays performed using human plasma. Left panels represent kinetic curves of fibrin formation, shown in green for normal human plasma generated using (a) rabbit brain thromboplastin (kinetic prothrombin time), (b) Dade-ACTIN (kinetic partial thromboplastin time), and (c) factor X activator from Russell viper venom (kinetic Russel's viper venom time). The absorbance at 405 nm is plotted as a function of time, showing increases in fibrin formation. Heparin inhibition, shown in blue for kinetic prothrombin time and kinetic partial thromboplastin time (human plasma + 50 mg/ml heparin) are represented in (a) and (b). Impaired fibrin formation, shown in red for (a) kinetic prothrombin time, (b) kinetic partial thromboplastin time and (c) kinetic Russel's viper venom time performed using factor VII deficient plasma, factor XII deficient plasma, and factor X deficient plasma, respectively. Arrowheads point to the time to half-maximal fibrin formation for each curve. The middle panels show a significant difference between the time to half-maximal fibrin formations of normal human plasma and plasma inhibited with heparin or coagulation factor deficient plasmas in (d) kinetic prothrombin time, (e) kinetic partial thromboplastin time and (f) kinetic Russel's viper venom time. Right panels show significant reduction in the maximal absorbance between normal human plasma and plasma inhibited with heparin or coagulation factor deficient plasmas in (g) kinetic prothrombin time, (h) kinetic partial thromboplastin time, and (i) kinetic Russel's viper venom time, except the maximal absorbance of kinetic prothrombin time of factor VII deficient plasma which did not show a significant reduction compared with normal human plasma. Normal, heparin treated, and coagulation factor deficient plasma groups were analyzed using ordinary one-way analysis of variance followed by Dunnett's multiple comparisons test and plotted as mean ± SD (n = 6). ns, nonsignificant. ∗∗ P < 0.01 and ∗∗∗ P < 0.001.