FIGURE 4

Glomerular TMEM14A expression was increased in human proteinuric renal diseases. (a) Glomerular TMEM14A protein expression was examined in human kidney biopsies from patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN), lupus nephritis (LN), IgA nephropathy (IgAN), minimal change disease (MCD), and healthy controls. Compared to controls, TMEM14A protein expression is significantly more extensive in IgAN, LN, and MCD, but not in DN. (b–f) Representative images of glomeruli stained for TMEM14A in healthy controls (b), diabetic nephropathy (c), lupus nephritis (d), IgA nephropathy (e), and minimal change disease (f). Slides were stained with goat anti‐TMEM14A antibody and immunoreactivity was assessed by diaminobenzidine. This results in a brown color which then indicates TMEM14A localization. Counterstaining with hematoxylin results in blue‐purple coloring of cell nuclei. Boxes in a show the range of values between the lower and upper quartile, the whiskers show 5th–95th percentile, triangles show values lying outside the 5th–95th percentile, the line in the box shows the median, and “+” indicates the mean. The scale bar in B applies to B through f and indicates 50 μm. * = p < 0.001. ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc analysis was used.