Determination of Endothelial Stalk versus Tip Cell Potential during Angiogenesis by H2.0-like Homeobox-1
- Authors
- Herbert, S.P., Cheung, J.Y., and Stainier, D.Y.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-120830-18
- Date
- 2012
- Source
- Current biology : CB 22(19): 1789-1794 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Herbert, Shane, Stainier, Didier
- Keywords
- none
- Datasets
- GEO:GSE130889
- MeSH Terms
-
- Embryo, Nonmammalian
- Zebrafish Proteins/genetics
- Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism*
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
- Homeodomain Proteins/genetics
- Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism*
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3/metabolism
- Zebrafish/embryology
- Zebrafish/genetics
- Animals, Genetically Modified
- Blood Vessels/cytology*
- Blood Vessels/embryology*
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Transcription Factors/metabolism*
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Muscle Proteins/genetics
- Muscle Proteins/metabolism
- Microfilament Proteins/genetics
- Microfilament Proteins/metabolism
- Animals
- Neovascularization, Physiologic/physiology*
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
- PubMed
- 22921365 Full text @ Curr. Biol.
Tissue branching morphogenesis requires the hierarchical organization of sprouting cells into leading “tip” and trailing “stalk” cells [ [1] and [2]]. During new blood vessel branching (angiogenesis), endothelial tip cells (TCs) lead sprouting vessels, extend filopodia, and migrate in response to gradients of the secreted ligand, vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegf) [3]. In contrast, adjacent stalk cells (SCs) trail TCs, generate the trunk of new vessels, and critically maintain connectivity with parental vessels. Here, we establish that h2.0-like homeobox-1 (Hlx1) determines SC potential, which is critical for angiogenesis during zebrafish development. By combining a novel pharmacological strategy for the manipulation of angiogenic cell behavior in vivo with transcriptomic analyses of sprouting cells, we identify the uniquely sprouting-associated gene, hlx1. Expression of hlx1 is almost entirely restricted to sprouting endothelial cells and is excluded from adjacent nonangiogenic cells. Furthermore, Hlx1 knockdown reveals its essential role in angiogenesis. Importantly, mosaic analyses uncover a cell-autonomous role for Hlx1 in the maintenance of SC identity in sprouting vessels. Hence, Hlx1-mediated maintenance of SC potential regulates angiogenesis, a finding that may have novel implications for sprouting morphogenesis of other tissues.