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Figures for Cavone et al., 2021
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Fig. 4 Tnf signaling promotes regenerative neurogenesis from progenitors Lateral views at 48 hpl are shown in photomicrographs; asterisks indicate the injury site; arrows indicate double-labeled cells; boxed areas are shown in higher magnification on the right. All qRT-PCR results are relative to unlesioned control, set to 1 and indicated by dashed red line; each dot represents one experiment. (A) Pomalidomide incubation reduces hdac1 mRNA levels in qRT-PCR of purified ERG progenitor cells (incubation: 0 to 24 hpl; Mann-Whitney U test: ∗∗p = 0.0095). (B and C) Pomalidomide treatment reduces the number of newly formed motor neuron progenitor cells (olig2:GFP+/EdU+; t test, ∗∗∗p = 0.0008; B) and motor neurons (mnx1:GFP+/EdU+; t test, ∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001; C) after spinal injury (incubation −2 to 48 hpl). (D) Acute tnfa gRNA perturbation reduces the number of newly formed motor neurons (mnx1:GFP+/EdU+) after spinal injury (EdU incubation 0 to 48 hpl; t test, ∗∗p = 0.0077). (E) Homozygous mutants for tnfa show reduced lesion-induced generation of neurons (HuC+/EdU+; EdU incubation: 0 to 48 hpl; t test, ∗∗p = 0.0026). (F) Acute injection of tnfrsf1a gRNA attenuates lesion-induced motor neuron (mnx1:GFP+/EdU+; ANOVA and Tukey’s post-test, ∗∗p = 0.0085, ∗p = 0.026) generation. (G and H) Ex vivo incubation of ERG progenitors with recombinant zebrafish (zf) Tnf-α and human TNF proteins for 4 h increases mnx1 mRNA expression levels, normalized to controls (G; Kruskall-Wallis test p = 0.0017; Dunn’s post-test ∗p = 0.0244 for zf Tnf-α, ∗p = 0.0160 for human Tnf). hdac1 mRNA expression (F) is also increased by both proteins compared with controls (one-way ANOVA p = 0.0029; Tukey’s post-test: ∗p = 0.0127; ∗∗p = 0.0085), but not in the presence of the AP-1 inhibitor S11302 (n.s. p = 0.9695). Scale bars, 50; 10 μm for insets. Data are represented as mean ± SEM. (see also Figure S3)

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Reprinted from Developmental Cell, 56(11), Cavone, L., McCann, T., Drake, L.K., Aguzzi, E.A., Oprişoreanu, A.M., Pedersen, E., Sandi, S., Selvarajah, J., Tsarouchas, T.M., Wehner, D., Keatinge, M., Mysiak, K.S., Henderson, B.E.P., Dobie, R., Henderson, N.C., Becker, T., Becker, C.G., A unique macrophage subpopulation signals directly to progenitor cells to promote regenerative neurogenesis in the zebrafish spinal cord, 1617-1630.e6, Copyright (2021) with permission from Elsevier. Full text @ Dev. Cell