Figure 6

Summary of bioelectric signaling during zebrafish embryogenesis. Each early embryonic zebrafish developmental period has distinct yet overlapping bioelectricity signals and/or patterns. (A) The embryonic cleavage period is marked by cleavage furrow-associated Vm fluctuations that precede and persist cytokinesis. These signals become less synchronized and stable, starting around the 16-cell stage. (B) Whole-cell transient Vm signals characterize the blastula period. However, these signals are restricted to the superficial blastomere and are not seen within the deeper cells at this stage. In addition, intercellular signaling can be observed between adjacent cells. (C) The gastrulation period continues to display whole-cell transient hyperpolarization within the superficial blastomere and begins to occur within the deeper cells during epiboly. (D) Strong Vm transient signals mark the somite period. These signals can be whole or partial somites and are either unilateral or bilateral. The signals are more concentrated in the middle and posterior somites (bright green highlights hyperpolarization).