FIGURE

Fig. 4

ID

ZDB-FIG-180418-10

Publication

Goody et al., 2017 - Influenza A Virus Infection Damages Zebrafish Skeletal Muscle and Exacerbates Disease in Zebrafish Modeling Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy

Other Figures

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Fig. 4

Molecular and cellular markers of inflammation are present in the muscle tissue of IAV-infected zebrafish All embryo images are side mounts, dorsal top, anterior left of zebrafish at 24 hpi. (A) PBS-injected Tg(NFkB:GFP) zebrafish embryo which expresses GFP in cells where NFkB transcription factor-dependent gene expression is occurring. NFkB signaling is active in the lateral line system, but not in muscle cells. Inset panel is a merge of fluorescence and brightfield imaging. (B) IAV-injected Tg(NFkB:GFP) zebrafish embryo. NFkB-dependent gene transcription is turned on in muscle cells in response to IAV infection. Inset panel is a merge of fluorescence and brightfield images. (C) Quantification of pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression in IAV-infected zebrafish compared to PBS-injected zebrafish at 24 hpi. Expression of interleukin 1, beta (11.1 +/- 5.2-fold increase; 3 biological replicates; 3 independent experiments) and interleukin 8 (3.7 +/- 1.4-fold increase; 3 biological replicates; 3 independent experiments) increases in response to IAV while tumor necrosis factor a expression remains unchanged (1.1 +/- 0.5-fold increase; 2 biological replicates; 2 independent experiments). (D-E2) Lettered panels show phalloidin staining (red), panels numbered 1 show GFP-positive neutrophils, and panels numbered 2 are merged. (D-D2) PBS-injected Tg(mpx:GFP) zebrafish. Note that not many neutrophils are present in muscle tissue. (E-E2) IAV-infected Tg(mpx:GFP) zebrafish. Note the retracted muscle fibers and the infiltration of muscle tissue by neutrophils. White arrowheads in E2 point to neutrophils localized to the unanchored ends of retracted muscle fibers.

Expression Data

Genes:	cxcl8a EGFP GFP il1b
Fish:	WT i114Tg nc1Tg
Condition:	viral treatment by injection: unidentified influenza virus
Anatomical Terms:	neutrophil posterior lateral line neuromast skeletal muscle cell whole organism
Stage:	Protruding-mouth

Expression Detail

Antibody Labeling

Phenotype Data

Fish:	WT i114Tg nc1Tg
Condition:	viral treatment by injection: unidentified influenza virus
Observed In:	inflammatory response skeletal muscle neutrophil skeletal muscle cell skeletal muscle cell inflammatory response whole organism
Stage:	Protruding-mouth

Phenotype Detail

Acknowledgments

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