- Title
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General anesthetics protects against cardiac arrest-induced brain injury by inhibiting calcium wave propagation in zebrafish
- Authors
- Xu, D.J., Wang, B., Zhao, X., Zheng, Y., Du, J.L., Wang, Y.W.
- Source
- Full text @ Mol. Brain
Cardiac arrest causes a burst of calcium wave in brain. a Schematic showing the experimental scheme. b Schematic showing cardiac arrest (CA) model in zebrafish. A glass micropipette was used to press zebrafish heart (red) until the heart stop beating, neuronal activity was examined with in vivo time-lapse confocal imaging after CA. c Calcium activity of Tg (HuC:GCaMP5) transgenic zebrafish in different brain regions after CA (lateral view). ROI1 (red ellipses), ROI2 (green ellipses) and ROI3 (yellow ellipses) marked neuron in hindbrain, midbrain and telencephalon, respectively. Scale bar: 100 μm. d Calcium activity of three regions of interest in (c) at a higher time resolution. The arrows mark the onset of calcium activities in each region. e Time-lapse confocal images showing the lateral view of the brain in live Tg (HuC:GCaMP5) transgenic zebrafish in control and CA zebrafish at 7 day post-fertilization (dpf). 0 s indicating calcium wave onset. Scale bar: 100 μm. f The change in fluorescence intensity of neuron in midbrain in individual zebrafish during CA. g Occurrence probability of calcium waves in control and CA zebrafish (*** P<0.001, chi-square test). h Quantification of the latency of CA to calcium wave generation in CA zebrafish. Numbers in the histograms represent the number of embryos analyzed in each group PHENOTYPE:
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Midazolam or ketamine pretreatment inhibits cardiac arrest-induced calcium wave propagation. a-d Time-lapse confocal images showing the lateral view of the brain in live Tg (HuC:GCaMP5) transgenic zebrafish in control (a), CA (b), CA + midazolam (0.5 mM)(c) and CA + ketamine (2.5 mM) pretreatment (d) zebrafish at 7 dpf. 0 s indicating calcium wave onset. MDZ, midazolam. Scale bar: 100 μm. e Occurrence probability of calcium waves in each group (*** P<0.001, chi-square test). Numbers in the histograms represent the number of embryos analyzed in each group PHENOTYPE:
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Midazolam or ketamine pretreatment decreases the neuronal apoptosis after cardiac arrest. a-d TUNEL staining of control (a), CA (b), CA + midazolam (0.5 mM)(c) and CA + ketamine (2.5 mM) pretreatment (d) zebrafish at 7 dpf. Red, TUNEL staining, indicating the apoptotic cell; Blue, DAPI-stained nuclei. Scale bar: 10 μm. e Quantification of percentages of TUNEL positive cells in each group (mean ± s.e.m.; *** P<0.001, one-way ANOVA plus Newman–Keuls multiple comparison test). Numbers in the histograms represent the number of sections analyzed in each group PHENOTYPE:
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ZFIN is incorporating published figure images and captions as part of an ongoing project. Figures from some publications have not yet been curated, or are not available for display because of copyright restrictions. PHENOTYPE:
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