PUBLICATION
Hypoplasia of dopaminergic neurons by hypoxia-induced neurotoxicity is associated with disrupted swimming development of larval zebrafish
- Authors
- Son, J.H., Gerenza, A.K., Bingener, G.M., Bonkowsky, J.L.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-221018-17
- Date
- 2022
- Source
- Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience 16: 963037 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Bonkowsky, Joshua
- Keywords
- apoptosis, development, dopaminergic neurons, hypoxia, hypoxia-recovery (HR), proapoptotic genes, reactive oxygen species (ROS), swimming
- MeSH Terms
- none
- PubMed
- 36212692 Full text @ Front. Cell. Neurosci.
Citation
Son, J.H., Gerenza, A.K., Bingener, G.M., Bonkowsky, J.L. (2022) Hypoplasia of dopaminergic neurons by hypoxia-induced neurotoxicity is associated with disrupted swimming development of larval zebrafish. Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience. 16:963037.
Abstract
Hypoxic injury to the developing brain increases the risk of permanent behavioral deficits, but the precise mechanisms of hypoxic injury to the developing nervous system are poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the effects of developmental hypoxia (1% pO2 from 24 to 48 h post-fertilization, hpf) on diencephalic dopaminergic (DA) neurons in larval zebrafish and the consequences on the development of swimming behavior. Hypoxia reduced the number of diencephalic DA neurons at 48 hpf. Returning zebrafish larvae to normoxia after the hypoxia (i.e., hypoxia-recovery, HR) induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Real-time qPCR results showed that HR caused upregulation of proapoptotic genes, including p53 and caspase3, suggesting the potential for ROS-induced cell death. With HR, we also found an increase in TUNEL-positive DA neurons, a persistent reduction in the number of diencephalic DA neurons, and disrupted swimming development and behavior. Interestingly, post-hypoxia (HR) with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine partially restored the number of DA neurons and spontaneous swimming behavior, demonstrating potential recovery from hypoxic injury. The present study provides new insights for understanding the mechanisms responsible for motor disability due to developmental hypoxic injury.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping