PUBLICATION
Alternative haplotypes of antigen processing genes in zebrafish diverged early in vertebrate evolution
- Authors
- McConnell, S.C., Hernandez, K.M., Wcisel, D.J., Kettleborough, R.N., Stemple, D.L., Yoder, J.A., Andrade, J., de Jong, J.L.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-160808-3
- Date
- 2016
- Source
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 113(34): E5014-23 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- de Jong, Jill, Kettleborough, Ross, McConnell, Sean, Stemple, Derek L., Wcisel, Dustin, Yoder, Jeffrey A.
- Keywords
- CG2 clonal zebrafish, MHC class I pathway, comparative genomics, major histocompatibility, proteasome and TAP evolution
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Antigen Presentation
- Biological Evolution*
- Cloning, Organism
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/classification
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/genetics*
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/immunology
- Genome*
- Haplotypes*
- High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/classification
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/genetics*
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology
- Phylogeny
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/genetics
- Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/immunology
- Protein Isoforms/classification
- Protein Isoforms/genetics
- Protein Isoforms/immunology
- Transcriptome
- Zebrafish/classification
- Zebrafish/genetics*
- Zebrafish/immunology
- Zebrafish Proteins/classification
- Zebrafish Proteins/genetics*
- Zebrafish Proteins/immunology
- PubMed
- 27493218 Full text @ Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
Citation
McConnell, S.C., Hernandez, K.M., Wcisel, D.J., Kettleborough, R.N., Stemple, D.L., Yoder, J.A., Andrade, J., de Jong, J.L. (2016) Alternative haplotypes of antigen processing genes in zebrafish diverged early in vertebrate evolution. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 113(34):E5014-23.
Abstract
Antigen processing and presentation genes found within the MHC are among the most highly polymorphic genes of vertebrate genomes, providing populations with diverse immune responses to a wide array of pathogens. Here, we describe transcriptome, exome, and whole-genome sequencing of clonal zebrafish, uncovering the most extensive diversity within the antigen processing and presentation genes of any species yet examined. Our CG2 clonal zebrafish assembly provides genomic context within a remarkably divergent haplotype of the core MHC region on chromosome 19 for six expressed genes not found in the zebrafish reference genome: mhc1uga, proteasome-β 9b (psmb9b), psmb8f, and previously unknown genes psmb13b, tap2d, and tap2e We identify ancient lineages for Psmb13 within a proteasome branch previously thought to be monomorphic and provide evidence of substantial lineage diversity within each of three major trifurcations of catalytic-type proteasome subunits in vertebrates: Psmb5/Psmb8/Psmb11, Psmb6/Psmb9/Psmb12, and Psmb7/Psmb10/Psmb13. Strikingly, nearby tap2 and MHC class I genes also retain ancient sequence lineages, indicating that alternative lineages may have been preserved throughout the entire MHC pathway since early diversification of the adaptive immune system ∼500 Mya. Furthermore, polymorphisms within the three MHC pathway steps (antigen cleavage, transport, and presentation) are each predicted to alter peptide specificity. Lastly, comparative analysis shows that antigen processing gene diversity is far more extensive than previously realized (with ancient coelacanth psmb8 lineages, shark psmb13, and tap2t and psmb10 outside the teleost MHC), implying distinct immune functions and conserved roles in shaping MHC pathway evolution throughout vertebrates.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping