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Fig. 2 Effect of suramin on the migration and invasion phenotypes of Caco-2 cells. A) Percentage of wound healing or migration phenotype for Caco-2-EV and Caco-2-HPN cells incubated with or without suramin. The bars in the graph represent the mean and standard deviation of three different replicates. Statistical differences were analyzed by the unpaired t-test. On the right, bright field microscopy shows the migration front of cells 72 h after wound generation. These images correspond to one representative replicate for each condition. B) Percentage degraded area in the gelatin matrix, or invasion phenotype, for Caco-2-EV and Caco-2-HPN cells incubated with or without suramin. The bars in the graph represent the mean and standard deviation of six different replicates. Statistical differences were analyzed by the unpaired t-test. On the right, black dots represent Caco-2 cells degrading the gelatin matrix 72 h after seeding. These images correspond to one representative replicate for each condition. Caco-2-EV: Caco-2 cells with basal expression of hepsin; Caco-2-HPN: Caco-2 cells with hepsin overexpression; ns: not significant differences; * ** : p-value < 0.001; * *: p-value < 0.01.