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Fig. 1 Morphometric and transcriptomic analyses of zebrafish testis during spermatogenic recovery from a cytotoxic (busulfan) insult. (A,B) Qualitative (A) and quantitative (B) evaluation of the recovery of different germ and somatic cell types when compared with untreated control testes. Aund, type A undifferentiated spermatogonia; Adiff, type A differentiating spermatogonia (arrowheads); SPB, type B spermatogonia (arrows); SPC, spermatocytes; SPT, spermatids; SPZ, spermatozoa (dashed line); Leydig, Leydig cells (yellow background, including other interstitial cells). Data are mean±s.e.m. (n=5; *P<0.05, ***P<0.001). Scale bar: 25 µm. (C) Up (red)- and down (green)-regulated genes identified by RNAseq at the beginning of the recovery period (n=5, P<0.005, fold change [FC]≥3.0). (D) Common and specific recovery-associated genes retrieved when tested against the depleted (gray set) and control (white set) testis transcriptomes. (E) KEGG pathways modulated in recovering testes. Each pathway is highlighted in red (up-) or green (downregulated). (F) Functional enrichment of recovery-induced gene expression. Groups of closely related GO terms are encircled and labeled (numbers of regulated genes are shown). The groups labeled as ‘developmental process’ and ‘hormone metabolic process’ are outlined with dashed lines and examples of identified DEGs in those sets are shown.