Fig. 2

Fig. 2 NADP(H) redox state in E. coli cells.

a Bacteria expressing NERNST were grown in Luria-Bertani (LB) broth or fed with acetate, glycerol or glucose in M9 minimal medium. Cells were collected at mid-exponential phase, except for LB stationary. Representative images show the ratios R of the intensities of fluorescence emission after excitation of the cell suspensions at 405 nm and 488 nm in pseudocolors. Scale bar = 5 μm. Pseudocolor scale = R values. Confocal images are ordered from the lower to the higher redox potentials. b Estimation of E_NADP(H) (E) in the E. coli cytosol as determined by NERNST biosensor imaging (BS) and redox cycling (RC). Data shown are means ± SD of 2–6 independent determinations. ns, non-significant; two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test. ND, not determined. Source data, including all precise n values, are provided as a Source Data file.