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Fig. 2 Chlorothymol has anticonvulsant activity in Caenorhabditis elegans. A, Chlorothymol reduces pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)‐induced convulsions in a concentration‐dependent manner. Seizure‐prone unc‐49(e407) mutant worms were preincubated for 15 minutes with a range of chlorothymol concentrations before incubation in the presence (green line) or absence (black dotted line) of 50 mmol·L–1 PTZ. The total number of head‐bobbing convulsions was measured over a 30‐second period and displayed as a percentage of PTZ‐treated controls ± SEM (n = 10 worms per concentration, N = 3 independent experiments). B, C elegans treated with the optimal anticonvulsant concentration of 150 µmol·L–1 chlorothymol determined in A showed a similar level of seizure reduction to the optimal concentration of valproate (VPA; 15 mmol·L–1). Data are displayed as mean ± SEM (n = 10 worms per treatment, N = 3 independent experiments) and were analyzed using one‐way analysis of variance with Tukey multiple comparison test (***P ≤ .001 compared to respective PTZ‐only treatment groups)