Fig. 2

Correction of local position-dependent aberrations for in vivo neuroimaging. aReconstructed image of SASM before the aberration correction. The white dotted boxes show segmented areas where aberration correction was individually applied. bAberration-corrected image of AO-SASM. The scale bar represents 20 μm (a, b). c Local aberration maps in the pupil plane corresponding to the segments divided by the white dashed boxes in (a). Color bar, phase retardation in radians. The radius of each aberration map is 𝑘0×NAk0×NA, where 𝑘0k0 is the magnitude of the free-space wavevector. dImaging configuration. A 21-dpf zebrafish was placed under the objective lens at an upright position after being anesthetized, and the area close to the ear in the hindbrain was investigated. The dorsal view of the zebrafish taken by a bright-field microscope is shown below. The dark area in the yellow dashed box is due to the pigmented scales at the skin. The scale bar represents 200 μm. e, f Amplitude maps of the time-gated reflection matrices for the segment indicated by a white arrow in (a) before and after aberration correction, respectively. g Normalized cross-correlation between aberration maps in their complex pupil functions with respect to the aberration map indicated by a black arrow in (c). h, i PSFs derived from (e, f), respectively. The color bars in (e, f, h, i) represent the intensity normalized by the maximum value of the corrected PSF in (i). The scale bar represents 5 μm (h, i). j Line profiles of PSFs obtained from h (blue dotted curve) and i (red solid curve). The PSF from (h) was multiplied by the factor of 52