FIGURE SUMMARY
Title

Impact of environmentally relevant concentrations of fluoxetine on zebrafish larvae: From gene to behavior

Authors
Correia, D., Bellot, M., Prats, E., Gómez-Canela, C., Moro, H., Raldúa, D., Domingues, I., Oliveira, M., Faria, M.
Source
Full text @ Chemosphere
Fig. 1

Effect of fluoxetine on zebrafish embryonic development: (A) Accumulative survival (%) (n = 800); (B) Hatched embryos (%) (n = 300–340); (C) Malformations at 168 hpf (%) (n = 760–765; (D) No swimming bladder inflation at 168 hpf (%) (n = 550–560); (E) Zebrafish larvae length (n = 105); (F) Zebrafish larvae cardiac activity (n = 65–70). All data are reported as mean values ± standard error. Different letters indicate statistical different subset groups following either Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's multiple comparison test (Cumulative survival (%), zebrafish larvae length and cardiac activity) or one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc (Hatched embryos (%)). The data of accumulative observed malformations and delayed swimming bladder inflation were analyzed using the chi-square test.

Fig. 2

Behavioral responses of 8 dpf zebrafish larvae, following developmental exposure to fluoxetine. Results are reported in terms of percentage to the control. (A) Startle response (n = 96); (B) Habituation of the acoustic/vibrational escape response (n = 96). (C) Basal Locomotor (BLM) activity (n = 96); (D) Visual-motor response (VMR) (n = 96). Data are reported as mean values ± standard error. Different letters indicate statistical different subset groups following either one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc (startle response and VMR) or Kruskal Wallis with Dunn's multiple comparison test (habituation and BLM).

Fig. 3

Effect of fluoxetine on 8 dpf zebrafish larvae antioxidant status (n = 8 pools): (A) Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity; (B) Catalase (CAT) activity; (C) Reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Data reported as mean values ± standard error. Different letters indicate statistical different subset groups following one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test.

Fig. 4

Effect of fluoxetine on 8 dpf zebrafish larvae mRNA expression of genes associated with the serotonergic and dopaminergic system (A - slc6a4a (sert); B - scl18a2 (vmat2); C - scl6a3 (dat); D - mao; E − dbh; F – th2; G – tph1a) (n = 8 pools). Data reported as mean values ± standard error. Different letters indicate statistical different subset groups following one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc test.

Fig. 5

Effect of fluoxetine on 8 dpf zebrafish larvae serotonergic neurotransmitters profiles (n = 6 pools): (A) Serotonin (5-HT); (B) Tryptophan; (C) 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA). Data reported as mean values ± standard error. Different letters represent different subset groups following Kruskal Wallis with Dunn's multiple comparison test.

Fig. 6

Effect of fluoxetine on 8 dpf zebrafish larvae dopaminergic neurotransmitters profiles (n = 6 pools): (A) Dopamine; (B) 3-Methoxytyramine (3-MT); (C) Homovanillic acid (HVA); (D) 3,4 Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC); (E) Tyrosine; (F) Norepinephrine. Data reported as mean values ± standard error. Different letters represent different subset groups following Kruskal Wallis with Dunn's multiple comparison test.

Acknowledgments
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