FIGURE SUMMARY
Title

Marine fungal metabolite butyrolactone I prevents cognitive deficits by relieving inflammation and intestinal microbiota imbalance on aluminum trichloride-injured zebrafish

Authors
Nie, Y., Yang, J., Zhou, L., Yang, Z., Liang, J., Liu, Y., Ma, X., Qian, Z., Hong, P., Kalueff, A.V., Song, C., Zhang, Y.
Source
Full text @ J Neuroinflammation
Fig. 1

A general diagram summarizing the experimental design used in the present study. Inset: the chemical structure of BTL-I

Fig. 2

Behavioral performance of zebrafish in the enriched chamber zone of the T-maze test. a The latency (s) of first entry into the EC zone of the T-maze test. Day 5: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.005, ****P < 0.001, vs. the control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.005, ####P < 0.001, vs. the model group. b Average swimming speed on the fifth day (n = 6). c The number of entries to the EC zone on the fifth day (n = 6). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.005, ****P < 0.001, vs. the control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.005, ####P < 0.001, vs. the model group
Fig. 3

Heatmaps of zebrafish activity in the T-maze on the fifth day. The X-axis and Y-axis in the figure represent the motion trajectory of zebrafish, while the Z-axis represents the residence time of zebrafish. The higher the Z-axis is, the longer the residence time of zebrafish at a certain point
Fig. 4

The results of biochemical indices of zebrafish (n = 3). a GSH content in zebrafish brain tissue. b AChE activity in zebrafish brain tissue. c–f IL-1β and TNF-α content in zebrafish brain and peripheral tissue. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.005, ****P < 0.001, vs. the control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.005, ####P < 0.001, vs. the model group
Fig. 5

Statistics of the OTUs. a Statistics of the OTUs of 15 samples. b Differences in the distribution of OTUs between groups using the Venn diagram. Group B1: model, Group B2: control, Group B3: 25 mg/kg BTL-I + AlCl3, Group B4: 50 mg/kg BTL-I + AlCl3, Group B5: 100 mg/kg BTL-I + AlCl3
Fig. 6

Alpha-diversity. a The rarefaction curves. b The rank–abundance curves. c–f Alpha indices
Fig. 7

Beta diversity. a Jaccard algorithm (stress value = 0.137). Only the presence or absence of OTUs in the sample was considered, not the abundance. b Bray–Curtis algorithm (stress value = 0.096). Both the presence and absence of OTUs in the sample and the abundance were considered. c Unweighted-UniFrac algorithm (stress value = 0.064). It only considers whether the sequence was present in the community, not the abundance of the sequence. d Weighted-UniFrac algorithm (stress value = 0.069). It accounts for the abundance of sequences on the basis of unweighted UniFrac and was able to differentiate species abundance
Fig. 8

Relative abundance (a and b) and analysis of differential microorganisms (c and d). a and c Results at the phylum level. b and d Results at the genus level. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.005, ****P < 0.001, vs. the control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, ###P < 0.005, ####P < 0.001, vs. the model group

Fig. 9

LDA effect size analysis. a Branching diagram of the evolution of different species between the control, model and experimental groups. b Bar graph of LDA values for different species
Acknowledgments
This image is the copyrighted work of the attributed author or publisher, and ZFIN has permission only to display this image to its users. Additional permissions should be obtained from the applicable author or publisher of the image. Full text @ J Neuroinflammation
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