Sdc2 EC deletion leads to impaired angiogenesis. a–d Retinas from P6 pups were stained with isolectin B4 for specific detection of endothelium (in green). a Representative pictures of retinal vascular outgrowth for each genotype (500 µm scale bars). b Quantification of vascular progression expressed as ratio between length of vascular front and retina edge (n = 8–12 retinas from 4 to 6 mice, each dot corresponds to a different retina). c Representative pictures of vascular branching (100 µm scale bars) and quantification (d) (n = 4–10 retinas from 4 to 5 animals, each dot corresponds to a different retina). e, f PBS or indicated growth factor pellets were inserted in a cornea micro-pocket and angiogenic response was evaluated by CD31 staining (in red) after 1 week. e Representative pictures of cornea-angiogenic responses (100 µm scale bars) and quantification (f) (n = 3 mice for each treatment and genotype, each dot corresponds to a different cornea). Errors bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Statistical analysis was performed by one-way Anova with Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test (N.S. not significant, ^**P < 0.01, ^***P < 0.001)

Sdc2 promotes blood flow recovery in HLI. a–c Left CFA (common femoral artery) was ligated and blood flow recovery was measured by laser doppler at the indicated days. Recovery at each indicated day was quantified as ratio between flow perfusion in ligated vs. contralateral artery (L/R perfusion ratio). a Representative pictures of blood flow recovery at different days. Pictures for Control are shown for Sdc2^fl/fl mouse. The flux image (lower right) indicates the extent of hind limb blood flow from low (blue) to high (red). b, c Quantification of blood flow recovery (n = 3–4, each dot corresponds to a different mouse). d, e Micro-CT angiography was used for visualization of functional vessels (showed in red) and quantify the number of perfused vessels (grouped by lumen diameter on the x-axis). d Representative pictures of micro-Ct angiography at day 14 and quantification (e). Source data are provided as a Source Data file. Pictures for Control are shown for Sdc2^fl/fl mouse. Errors bars represent SEM. Statistical analysis was performed by two-way Anova with Sidak’s multiple comparison test (b, c) and unpaired t test (e) (N.S. not significant, ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, ^***P < 0.001)