Identified molecular mechanisms for alcohol-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and hepatic injuries. See the context for details.

Proposed model depicts novel endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress mechanisms linking alcohol (EtOH) and/or high-fat diet (HFD), cyclin D, ERAD, estrogen receptor α (ERα) variants, FOXO3, and Shp with hepatocellular carcinogenesis (HCC). Solid lines represent established pathways based on the literature; dashed lines represent emerging mechanisms under investigations. See the context for details.

Acknowledgments
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