PUBLICATION
2,4-Dichlorophenol induced feminization of zebrafish by down-regulating male-related genes through DNA methylation
- Authors
- Yuan, C., Zhang, C., Qi, Y., Li, D., Hu, Y., Huang, D.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-191212-14
- Date
- 2019
- Source
- Ecotoxicology and environmental safety 189: 110042 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Li, Dong
- Keywords
- 2,4-Dichlorophenol, DNA methylation, Gene expression, Sex differentiation, Zebrafish
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Chlorophenols/toxicity*
- DNA Methylation/drug effects*
- Down-Regulation
- Endocrine Disruptors/toxicity*
- Female
- Feminization/chemically induced*
- Feminization/genetics
- Larva/drug effects
- Larva/genetics
- Male
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Sex Differentiation/drug effects
- Sex Differentiation/genetics
- Sex Ratio
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity*
- Zebrafish/genetics*
- Zebrafish Proteins/genetics
- PubMed
- 31816500 Full text @ Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf.
Citation
Yuan, C., Zhang, C., Qi, Y., Li, D., Hu, Y., Huang, D. (2019) 2,4-Dichlorophenol induced feminization of zebrafish by down-regulating male-related genes through DNA methylation. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety. 189:110042.
Abstract
2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) is ubiquitous in aquatic environment and has potential estrogenic effect on fish. However, the effect of 2,4-DCP on sex differentiation of zebrafish (Danio rerio) and the underlying mechanism are largely unknown. To address these questions, zebrafish larvae at 20 or 30 days post fertilization (dpf) were exposed to 2,4-DCP (0, 80 and 160 μg L-1) with/without 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5AZA, 50 μg L-1) for 10 days. The sex ratios and the expressions of male-related genes including amh, gata4, nr5a1a, nr5a2 and sox9a were analyzed. In addition, the DNA methylation levels of amh, nr5a2 and sox9a were examined. The results showed that 2,4-DCP exposure resulted in significant increase of female ratios both in 20-30 and 30-40 dpf groups. Correspondingly, the expressions of gata4, nr5a1a, nr5a2 and sox9a were decreased by 2,4-DCP exposure in two treatment periods. However, the transcript of amh was decreased by 2,4-DCP exposure only from 30 to 40 dpf. The DNA methylation levels of amh, nr5a2 and sox9a were increased following 2,4-DCP exposure. Moreover, the addition of 5AZA could counteract the effects including feminization, disturbance of gene expression and DNA hypermethylation caused by 2,4-DCP. These results indicated that the feminizing effect of 2,4-DCP was accomplished by regulating the expression of male-related genes through DNA methylation.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping