PUBLICATION
Splicing factor DHX15 affects tp53 and mdm2 expression via alternate splicing and promoter usage
- Authors
- McElderry, J., Carrington, B., Bishop, K., Kim, E., Pei, W., Chen, Z., Ramanagoudr-Bhojappa, R., Prakash, A., Burgess, S.M., Liu, P.P., Sood, R.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-191108-19
- Date
- 2019
- Source
- Human molecular genetics 28(24): 4173-4185 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Burgess, Shawn, Pei, Wuhong, Sood, Raman
- Keywords
- none
- MeSH Terms
-
- Alternative Splicing
- Animals
- Animals, Genetically Modified
- Humans
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Protein Isoforms
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2/biosynthesis
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2/genetics*
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2/metabolism
- RNA Helicases/genetics*
- RNA Helicases/metabolism
- RNA Splice Sites
- RNA Splicing
- RNA Splicing Factors/genetics
- Transcription Initiation Site
- Transcriptional Activation
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics*
- Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
- Zebrafish
- Zebrafish Proteins/genetics*
- Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism
- PubMed
- 31691804 Full text @ Hum. Mol. Genet.
Citation
McElderry, J., Carrington, B., Bishop, K., Kim, E., Pei, W., Chen, Z., Ramanagoudr-Bhojappa, R., Prakash, A., Burgess, S.M., Liu, P.P., Sood, R. (2019) Splicing factor DHX15 affects tp53 and mdm2 expression via alternate splicing and promoter usage. Human molecular genetics. 28(24):4173-4185.
Abstract
DHX15, a DEAH box containing RNA helicase, is a splicing factor required for the last step of splicing. Recent studies identified a recurrent mutational hotspot, R222G, in DHX15 in ~ 6% of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients that carry the fusion protein RUNX1-RUNX1T1 produced by t (8;21) (q22;q22). Studies using yeast mutants showed that substitution of G for the residue equivalent to R222 leads to loss of its helicase function, suggesting it is a loss of function mutation. To elucidate the role of DHX15 during development, we established the first vertebrate knockout model with CRISPR/Cas9 in zebrafish. Our data showed that dhx15 expression is enriched in the brain, eyes, pectoral fin primordia, liver and intestinal bulb during embryonic development. Dhx15 deficiency leads to pleiotropic morphological phenotypes in homozygous mutant embryos starting at 3 days post fertilization (dpf) that result in lethality by 7 dpf, revealing an essential role during embryonic development. RNA-seq analysis suggested important roles of Dhx15 in chromatin and nucleosome assembly and regulation of the Mdm2-p53 pathway. Interestingly, exons corresponding to the alternate transcriptional start sites for tp53 and mdm2 were preferentially expressed in the mutant embryos, leading to significant upregulation of their alternate isoforms, Δ113p53 (orthologous to Δ133p53 isoform in human) and mdm2-P2 (isoform using distal promoter P2), respectively. We speculate that these alterations in the Mdm2-p53 pathway contribute to the development of AML in patients with t (8,21) and somatically mutated DHX15.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping