PUBLICATION

Quantitative analysis of mechanical force required for cell extrusion in zebrafish embryonic epithelia

Authors
Yamada, S., Iino, T., Bessho, Y., Hosokawa, Y., Matsui, T.
ID
ZDB-PUB-170909-8
Date
2017
Source
Biology Open   6(10): 1575-1580 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Bessho, Yasumasa, Matsui, Takaaki, Yamada, Sohei
Keywords
Contractile ring, Contraction force, Enveloping layer, Femtosecond laser
MeSH Terms
none
PubMed
28882841 Full text @ Biol. Open
Abstract
When cells in epithelial sheets are damaged by intrinsic or extrinsic causes, they are eliminated by extrusion from the sheet. Cell extrusion, which is required for maintenance of tissue integrity, is the consequence of contraction of actomyosin rings, as demonstrated by both molecular/cell biological experimentation and numerical simulation. However, quantitative evaluation of actomyosin contraction has not been performed because of the lack of a suitable direct measurement system. In this study, we developed a new method using a femtosecond laser to quantify the contraction force of the actomyosin ring during cell extrusion in zebrafish embryonic epithelia. In this system, an epithelial cell in zebrafish embryo is first damaged by direct femtosecond laser irradiation. Next, a femtosecond laser-induced impulsive force is loaded onto the actomyosin ring, and the contraction force is quantified to be on the order of kPa as a unit of pressure. We found that cell extrusion was delayed when the contraction force was slightly attenuated, suggesting that a relatively small force is sufficient to drive cell extrusion. Thus, our method is suitable for the relative quantitative evaluation of mechanical dynamics in the process of cell extrusion, and in principle the method is applicable to similar phenomena in different tissues and organs of various species.
Genes / Markers
Figures
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping