PUBLICATION
Shaping of Signal Transmission at the Photoreceptor Synapse by EAAT2 Glutamate Transporters
- Authors
- Niklaus, S., Cadetti, L., Vom Berg-Maurer, C.M., Lehnherr, A., Hotz, A.L., Forster, I.C., Gesemann, M., Neuhauss, S.C.F.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-170615-6
- Date
- 2017
- Source
- eNeuro 4(3): (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Cadetti, Lucia, Gesemann, Matthias, Neuhauss, Stephan, vom Berg, Colette
- Keywords
- Excitatory amino acid transporter, glutamate, retina, zebrafish
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Animals, Genetically Modified
- Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2/genetics
- Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2/metabolism*
- Eye/cytology
- Gene Expression Regulation/genetics
- Glutamic Acid/metabolism
- In Vitro Techniques
- Larva
- Morpholinos/genetics
- Morpholinos/metabolism
- Oocytes/physiology
- Patch-Clamp Techniques
- Photoreceptor Cells/classification*
- Photoreceptor Cells/metabolism*
- Presynaptic Terminals/metabolism*
- Retina/anatomy & histology
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Synapses
- Synaptic Transmission/physiology
- Visual Pathways/physiology
- Xenopus
- Zebrafish
- PubMed
- 28612046 Full text @ eNeuro
Citation
Niklaus, S., Cadetti, L., Vom Berg-Maurer, C.M., Lehnherr, A., Hotz, A.L., Forster, I.C., Gesemann, M., Neuhauss, S.C.F. (2017) Shaping of Signal Transmission at the Photoreceptor Synapse by EAAT2 Glutamate Transporters. eNeuro. 4(3).
Abstract
Photoreceptor ribbon synapses tonically release glutamate. To ensure efficient signal transmission and prevent glutamate toxicity, a highly efficient glutamate removal system provided by members of the SLC1 gene family is required. By using a combination of biophysical and in vivo studies, we elucidate the role of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2) proteins in synaptic glutamate homeostasis at the zebrafish photoreceptor synapse. The main glutamate sink is provided by the glial EAAT2a, reflected by reduced electroretinographic responses in EAAT2a-depleted larvae. EAAT2b is located on the tips of cone pedicles and contributes little to glutamate reuptake. However, this transporter displays both a large chloride conductance and leak current, being important in stabilizing the cone resting potential. This work demonstrates not only how proteins originating from the same gene family can complement each other's expression profiles and biophysical properties, but also how presynaptic and glial transporters are coordinated to ensure efficient synaptic transmission at glutamatergic synapses of the central nervous system.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping