PUBLICATION
Oligodendrocyte differentiation
- Authors
- Mathews, E.S., Appel, B.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-160618-20
- Date
- 2016
- Source
- Methods in cell biology 134: 69-96 (Chapter)
- Registered Authors
- Appel, Bruce
- Keywords
- Glia, Myelin, Neural development, OPC, Oligodendrocyte, Zebrafish
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Animals, Genetically Modified
- Axons/metabolism
- Cell Communication/genetics
- Cell Differentiation/genetics*
- Cytogenetic Analysis/methods*
- Embryo, Nonmammalian
- Myelin Sheath/metabolism
- Neurogenesis/genetics*
- Oligodendroglia/cytology*
- Zebrafish/genetics
- Zebrafish/growth & development
- PubMed
- 27312491 Full text @ Meth. Cell. Biol.
Citation
Mathews, E.S., Appel, B. (2016) Oligodendrocyte differentiation. Methods in cell biology. 134:69-96.
Abstract
In the nervous system, axons transmit information in the form of electrical impulses over long distances. The speed of impulse conduction is enhanced by myelin, a lipid-rich membrane that wraps around axons. Myelin also is required for the long-term health of axons by providing metabolic support. Accordingly, myelin deficiencies are implicated in a wide range of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, intellectual disabilities, and neurodegenerative conditions. Central nervous system myelin is formed by glial cells called oligodendrocytes. During development, oligodendrocyte precursor cells migrate from their origins to their target axons, extend long membrane processes that wrap axons, and produce the proteins and lipids that provide myelin membrane with its unique characteristics. Myelination is a dynamic process that involves intricate interactions between multiple cell types. Therefore, an in vivo myelination model, such as the zebrafish, which allows for live observation of cell dynamics and cell-to-cell interactions, is well suited for investigating oligodendrocyte development. Zebrafish offer several advantages to investigating myelination, including the use of transgenic reporter lines, live imaging, forward genetic screens, chemical screens, and reverse genetic approaches. This chapter will describe how these tools and approaches have provided new insights into the regulatory mechanisms that guide myelination.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping