PUBLICATION
Iridium(III) Anthraquinone Complexes as Two-Photon Phosphorescence Probes for Mitochondria Imaging and Tracking under Hypoxia
- Authors
- Sun, L., Chen, Y., Kuang, S., Li, G., Guan, R., Liu, J., Ji, L., Chao, H.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-160505-1
- Date
- 2016
- Source
- Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) 22(26): 8955-65 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Chen, Yu
- Keywords
- biological activity, hypoxia, imaging agents, iridium, photochemistry
- MeSH Terms
-
- A549 Cells
- Animals
- Anthraquinones/chemistry*
- Brain/metabolism
- Brain/pathology
- Cell Hypoxia*
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Coordination Complexes/chemistry*
- Coordination Complexes/metabolism
- Coordination Complexes/toxicity
- Humans
- Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
- Imaging, Three-Dimensional
- Iridium/chemistry*
- Mass Spectrometry
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton
- Microsomes, Liver/metabolism
- Mitochondria/metabolism
- Mitochondria/pathology*
- Rats
- Spectrometry, Fluorescence
- Spheroids, Cellular/cytology
- Spheroids, Cellular/metabolism
- Zebrafish/metabolism
- PubMed
- 27145442 Full text @ Chemistry
Citation
Sun, L., Chen, Y., Kuang, S., Li, G., Guan, R., Liu, J., Ji, L., Chao, H. (2016) Iridium(III) Anthraquinone Complexes as Two-Photon Phosphorescence Probes for Mitochondria Imaging and Tracking under Hypoxia. Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany). 22(26):8955-65.
Abstract
In the present study, four mitochondria-specific and two-photon phosphorescence iridium(III) complexes, Ir1-Ir4, were developed for mitochondria imaging in hypoxic tumor cells. The iridium(III) complex has two anthraquinone groups that are hypoxia-sensitive moieties. The phosphorescence of the iridium(III) complex was quenched by the functions of the intramolecular quinone unit, and it was restored through two-electron bioreduction under hypoxia. When the probes were reduced by reductase to hydroquinone derivative products under hypoxia, a significant enhancement in phosphorescence intensity was observed under one- (λ=405 nm) and two-photon (λ=720 nm) excitation, with a two-photon absorption cross section of 76-153 GM at λ=720 nm. More importantly, these probes possessed excellent specificity for mitochondria, which allowed imaging and tracking of the mitochondrial morphological changes in a hypoxic environment over a long period of time. Moreover, the probes can visualize hypoxic mitochondria in 3D multicellular spheroids and living zebrafish through two-photon phosphorescence imaging.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping