PUBLICATION

Grhl1 deficiency affects inner ear development in zebrafish

Authors
Liu, F., Yang, F., Wen, D., Xia, W., Hao, L., Hu, J., Zong, J., Shen, X., Ma, J., Jiang, N., Sun, S., Zhang, J., Wang, H., Wang, X., Ma, Z., Ma, D.
ID
ZDB-PUB-150422-3
Date
2015
Source
The International journal of developmental biology   59(10-11-12): 417-423 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Wang, Xu, Yang, Fan
Keywords
GRHL1, zebrafish, desmosom, hair cell, DSG1
MeSH Terms
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis*
  • Blotting, Western
  • Desmosomes
  • Ear, Inner/embryology
  • Ear, Inner/growth & development*
  • Ear, Inner/pathology
  • Embryo, Nonmammalian/cytology
  • Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
  • Hair Cells, Auditory/cytology*
  • Hair Cells, Auditory/metabolism
  • Immunoenzyme Techniques
  • Organogenesis
  • RNA, Messenger/genetics
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Repressor Proteins/deficiency*
  • Repressor Proteins/genetics
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Zebrafish/embryology*
  • Zebrafish/genetics
  • Zebrafish/metabolism
  • Zebrafish Proteins/deficiency*
  • Zebrafish Proteins/genetics
PubMed
25896282 Full text @ Int. J. Dev. Biol.
Abstract
Many genes that have been found to contribute to deafness are currently being studied. Some 87 non-syndromic hereditary deafness genes have been confirmed. Proteins associated with cochlear development have also been confirmed. Some of these proteins have important relationships with gap junctions (GJ) and tight junctions (TJ). However, the desmosome junction has received little attention due to controversy over whether it could be detected in the inner ear. GRHL1 is a conserved transcriptional regulator, and it is key to vertebrate desmosome formation. GRHL2 has been confirmed as a deafness gene at the DFNA28 locus. These two homologous proteins have similar sequences and functions. Here, a grhl1 down-regulated zebrafish model exhibited inner ear developmental malformations, including missing otoliths, disordered and abnormal numbers of hair cells in the inner ear and lateral line, and sound insensitivity. The mutant zebrafish swam in circles. Hair cell apoptosis was evident. Under electron microscopy, desmosomes in the otic sensory epithelium were found to be damaged. These defects were partially rescued by treatment with either GRHL1 or its target gene, DSG1. Collectively, these data are the first to indicate that grhl1 is important to the developing inner ear epithelia in zebrafish and that it acts via desmosome junction regulation.
Genes / Markers
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Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping