PUBLICATION
Effects of Low-Dose Embryonic Thyroid Disruption and Rearing Temperature on the Development of the Eye and Retina in Zebrafish
- Authors
- Reider, M., Connaughton, V.P.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-140925-2
- Date
- 2014
- Source
- Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology 101(5): 347-54 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Connaughton, Victoria P.
- Keywords
- development, methimazole, retina, thyroid, zebrafish
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Antithyroid Agents/pharmacology*
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects
- Hypothyroidism/chemically induced
- Methimazole/pharmacology*
- Retina/embryology*
- Retina/physiology*
- Temperature
- Thyroid Gland/physiology
- Thyroid Hormones
- Zebrafish/embryology*
- PubMed
- 25250784 Full text @ Birth Defects Res. B Dev. Reprod. Toxicol.
Citation
Reider, M., Connaughton, V.P. (2014) Effects of Low-Dose Embryonic Thyroid Disruption and Rearing Temperature on the Development of the Eye and Retina in Zebrafish. Birth defects research. Part B, Developmental and reproductive toxicology. 101(5):347-54.
Abstract
Thyroid hormones are required for vertebrate development, and disruption of the thyroid system in developing embryos can result in a large range of morphologic and physiologic changes, including in the eye and retina. In this study, our anatomic analyses following low-dose, chronic thyroid inhibition reveal that both methimazole (MMI) exposure and rearing temperature affect eye development in a time- and temperature-dependent fashion. Maximal sensitivity to MMI for external eye development occurred at 65 hr postfertilization (hpf) for zebrafish reared at 28°C, and at 69 hpf for those reared at 31°C. Changes in eye diameter corresponded to changes in thickness of two inner retinal layers: the ganglion cell layer and the inner plexiform layer, with irreversible MMI-induced decreases in layer thickness observed in larvae treated with MMI until 66 hpf at 28°C. We infer that maximal sensitivity to MMI between 65 and 66 hpf at 28°C indicates a critical period of thyroid-dependent eye and retinal development. Furthermore, our results support previous work that shows spontaneous escape from MMI-induced effects potentially due to embryonic compensatory actions, as our data show that embryos treated beyond the critical period generally resemble controls.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping