Distribution of glycinergic neurons in the brain of glycine transporter-2 Tg(glyt2:gfp) transgenic adult zebrafish: Relation with brain-spinal descending systems
- Authors
- Barreiro-Iglesias, A., Mysiak, K.S., Adrio, F., Rodicio, M.C., Becker, C.G., Becker, T., and Anadón, R.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-120705-16
- Date
- 2013
- Source
- The Journal of comparative neurology 521(2): 389-425 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Barreiro-Iglesias, Antón, Becker, Catherina G., Becker, Thomas, Mysiak, Karolina S.
- Keywords
- glycinergic system, reticular formation, octavolateral area, Mauthner neuron, GFP transgenic, glycine transporter 2, glycine immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, pineal, Danio rerio, Teleosts
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Animals, Genetically Modified
- Basal Ganglia/cytology
- Basal Ganglia/metabolism
- Brain/cytology
- Brain/physiology*
- Cell Size
- DNA/genetics
- Efferent Pathways/physiology*
- Female
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Glycine/physiology*
- Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics*
- Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/physiology*
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics
- Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
- In Situ Hybridization
- Lysine/analogs & derivatives
- Lysine/metabolism
- Male
- Medulla Oblongata/cytology
- Medulla Oblongata/metabolism
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Microscopy, Fluorescence
- Neurons/physiology*
- Rhombencephalon/cytology
- Rhombencephalon/metabolism
- Spinal Cord/cytology
- Spinal Cord/metabolism
- Zebrafish/genetics
- Zebrafish/physiology*
- Zebrafish Proteins/genetics*
- Zebrafish Proteins/physiology*
- PubMed
- 22736487 Full text @ J. Comp. Neurol.
We used a Tg(glyt2:gfp) transgenic zebrafish expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) under control of the glycine transporter 2 (GLYT2) regulatory sequences to study for the first time the glycinergic neurons in the brain of an adult teleost. We also performed in situ hybridization using a GLYT2 probe and glycine immunohistochemistry. This study was combined with biocytin tract tracing from the spinal cord to reveal descending glycinergic pathways. A few groups of GFP-positive/GLYT2 negative cells were observed in the midbrain and forebrain, including numerous pinealocytes. Conversely, a small nucleus of the midbrain tegmentum, was GLYT2 positive but GFP negative. Most of the GFP-positive and GLYT2-positive neurons were observed in the rhombencephalon and spinal cord, and a proportion of these cells showed double GLYT2/GFP labeling. In the hindbrain, GFP/GLYT2-positive populations were observed in the medial octavolateral nucleus, the secondary, magnocellular and descending octaval nuclei, the viscerosensory lobes and reticular populations distributed from trigeminal to vagal levels. No glycinergic cells were observed in the cerebellum. Tract tracing revealed three conspicuous pairs of GFP/GLYT2-positive reticular neurons projecting to the spinal cord. In the spinal cord, GFP/GLYT2-positive cells were observed in the dorsal and ventral horns. GFP-positive fibers were observed from the olfactory bulbs to the spinal cord, although its density varied among regions. The Mauthner neurons received very rich GFP-positive innervation, mainly around the axon cap. Comparison of the zebrafish glycinergic system with those of other adult vertebrates reveals shared patterns but also divergent traits in the evolution of this system.