PUBLICATION
Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid exposure increases cadmium toxicity in early life stage of zebrafish, Danio rerio
- Authors
- Kim, S., Ji, K., Lee, S., Lee, J., Kim, J., Kim, S., Kho, Y., and Choi, K.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-110103-20
- Date
- 2011
- Source
- Environmental toxicology and chemistry 30(4): 870-877 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Choi, Kyungho
- Keywords
- Mixture toxicity, Oxidative stress, Thyroid hormone, Larvae, Cadmium toxicity
- MeSH Terms
-
- Alkanesulfonic Acids/toxicity*
- Animals
- Cadmium/toxicity*
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Drug Synergism
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism
- Fluorocarbons/toxicity*
- HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics
- HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/genetics
- Receptors, Thyroid Hormone/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Repressor Proteins/metabolism
- Superoxide Dismutase/genetics
- Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/toxicity*
- Zebrafish/embryology
- Zebrafish/growth & development*
- Zebrafish/metabolism
- Zebrafish Proteins/genetics
- Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism
- PubMed
- 21184528 Full text @ Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
- CTD
- 21184528
Citation
Kim, S., Ji, K., Lee, S., Lee, J., Kim, J., Kim, S., Kho, Y., and Choi, K. (2011) Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid exposure increases cadmium toxicity in early life stage of zebrafish, Danio rerio. Environmental toxicology and chemistry. 30(4):870-877.
Abstract
Exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) is known to induce thyroid related adverse effects in aquatic organisms. Since antioxidant defense mechanism is one of the key functions of thyroid gland, we examined whether pre-exposure to PFOS could disrupt thyroid function and enhance cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative stress in fish. Zebrafish embryos were exposed to control or 0.5 mg/L of PFOS for 7 d after fertilization, and subsequently exposed to 0.038 mg/L of Cd(2+) or a mixture of the PFOS and Cd for additional 3 d until 10 d post-fertilization (dpf). Survival rates, body length, mRNA expressions related to thyroid function and oxidative stress, the levels of thyroid hormones, and malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzyme activities were measured. Significant down-regulation of mRNAs related to thyroid function (THRa, THRβ, hhex, and pax8) and decrease of T4 levels were observed in the PFOS pre-exposure group, suggesting PFOS pre-exposure would influence the performance of thyroid gland in the later stages of life. Certain genes relative to oxidative stress, e.g., sod1 and hsp70, in the PFOS pre-exposure group were significantly up-regulated when the larvae were subsequently exposed to Cd or to the mixture of PFOS and Cd. Glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and MDA levels of the PFOS pre-exposed group increased significantly by Cd exposure. Significant decrease of the survival rates and body length of fish were observed at 10 dpf among the larvae which were previously exposed to PFOS. These results suggest that pre-exposure to PFOS could affect antioxidant defense mechanisms, and potentially increase the toxicity of Cd on mRNA expression, enzyme activity level responses as well as survival or growth of individuals.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping