PUBLICATION
Cis-regulatory characterization of sequence conservation surrounding the Hox4 genes
- Authors
- Punnamoottil, B., Herrmann, C., Pascual Anaya, J., D'Aniello, S., Garcia-Fernàndez, J., Akalin, A., Becker, T.S., and Rinkwitz, S.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-100211-31
- Date
- 2010
- Source
- Developmental Biology 340(2): 269-282 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Becker, Thomas S., Punnamoottil, Beena, Rinkwitz, Silke
- Keywords
- Hox, cis-regulation, CNE, zebrafish, GFP, transgenesis, amphioxus, sequence conservation, cluster
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Animals, Genetically Modified
- Base Sequence
- Conserved Sequence/genetics
- DNA/genetics
- DNA/isolation & purification
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism
- Enhancer Elements, Genetic
- Evolution, Molecular
- Gene Duplication
- Genes, Homeobox*
- Genes, Reporter
- Genome
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/genetics
- Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- In Situ Hybridization
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Multigene Family
- Phylogeny
- Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid*
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Zebrafish/embryology
- Zebrafish/genetics
- Zebrafish/metabolism
- PubMed
- 20144609 Full text @ Dev. Biol.
Citation
Punnamoottil, B., Herrmann, C., Pascual Anaya, J., D'Aniello, S., Garcia-Fernàndez, J., Akalin, A., Becker, T.S., and Rinkwitz, S. (2010) Cis-regulatory characterization of sequence conservation surrounding the Hox4 genes. Developmental Biology. 340(2):269-282.
Abstract
Hox genes are key regulators of anterior-posterior axis patterning and have a major role in hindbrain development. The zebrafish Hox4 paralogs have strong overlapping activities in hindbrain rhombomeres 7 and 8, in the spinal cord and in the pharyngeal arches. With the aim to predict enhancers that act on the hoxa4a, hoxb4a, hoxc4a and hoxd4a genes, we used sequence conservation around the Hox4 genes to analyze all fish:human conserved non-coding sequences by reporter assays in stable zebrafish transgenesis. Thirty-four elements were functionally tested in GFP reporter gene constructs and more than 100 F1 lines were analyzed to establish a correlation between sequence conservation and cis-regulatory function, constituting a catalog of Hox4 CNEs. Sixteen tissue specific enhancers could be identified. Multiple alignments of the CNEs revealed paralogous cis-regulatory sequences, however, the CNE sequence similarities were found not to correlate with tissue specificity. To identify ancestral enhancers that direct Hox4 gene activity, genome sequence alignments of mammals, teleosts, horn shark and the cephalochordate amphioxus, which is the most basal extant chordate possessing a single prototypical Hox cluster, were performed. Three elements were identified and two of them exhibited regulatory activity in transgenic zebrafish, however revealing no specificity. Our data show that the approach to identify cis-regulatory sequences by genome sequence alignments and subsequent testing in zebrafish transgenesis can be used to define enhancers within the Hox clusters and that these have significantly diverged in their function during evolution.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping