PUBLICATION

Evidence for two distinct KiSS genes in non-placental vertebrates that encode kisspeptins with different gonadotropin-releasing activities in fish and mammals

Authors
Felip, A., Zanuy, S., Pineda, R., Pinilla, L., Carrillo, M., Tena-Sempere, M., and Gómez, A.
ID
ZDB-PUB-081218-32
Date
2009
Source
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology   312(1-2): 61-71 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Keywords
KiSS-1, KiSS-2, vertebrate evolution, LH, FSH, Dicentrarchus labrax, Rattus norvegicus
MeSH Terms
  • Aging
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • Bass/genetics
  • Bass/metabolism
  • Cloning, Molecular
  • Female
  • Fish Proteins/chemistry
  • Fish Proteins/genetics*
  • Fish Proteins/metabolism
  • Gonadotropins, Pituitary/blood
  • Kisspeptins
  • Male
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Organ Specificity
  • Oryzias/genetics
  • Oryzias/metabolism
  • Phylogeny
  • Proteins/chemistry
  • Proteins/genetics*
  • Proteins/metabolism
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Reproduction/genetics*
  • Seasons
  • Sequence Alignment
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Synteny
  • Time Factors
  • Vertebrates/genetics*
  • Vertebrates/metabolism
  • Zebrafish/genetics
  • Zebrafish/metabolism
  • Zebrafish Proteins/chemistry
  • Zebrafish Proteins/genetics*
  • Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism
PubMed
19084576 Full text @ Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.
Abstract
Kisspeptins, the products of KiSS-1 gene, have recently emerged as fundamental regulators of reproductive function in different mammalian and, presumably, non-mammalian species. To date, a single form of KiSS-1 has been described in mammals, and recently, in several fish species and Xenopus. We report herein the cloning and characterization of two distinct KiSS-like genes, namely, KiSS-1 and KiSS-2, in the teleost sea bass. While KiSS-1 encodes a peptide identical to rodent kisspeptin-10, the predicted KiSS-2 decapeptide diverges at 4 amino acids (FNFNPFGLRF). Genome database searches showed that both genes are present in non-placental vertebrate genomes. Indeed, phylogenetic and genome mapping analyses suggest that KiSS-1 and KiSS-2 are paralogous genes that originated by duplication of an ancestral gene, although KiSS-2 is lost in placental mammals. KiSS-1 and KiSS-2 mRNAs are present in brain and gonads of sea bass, medaka and zebrafish. Comparative functional studies demonstrated that KiSS-2 decapeptide was significantly more potent than KiSS-1 peptide in inducing LH and FSH secretion in sea bass. In contrast, KiSS-2 decapeptide only weakly elicited LH secretion in rats, whereas KiSS-1 peptide was maximally effective. Our data are the first to provide conclusive evidence for the existence of a second KiSS gene, KiSS-2, in non-placental vertebrates, whose product is likely to play a dominant stimulatory role in the regulation of the gonadotropic axis at least in teleosts.
Genes / Markers
Figures
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Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping