PUBLICATION
Hormones and receptors in fish: Do duplicates matter?
- Authors
- Roch, G.J., Wu, S., and Sherwood, N.M.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-081121-3
- Date
- 2009
- Source
- General and comparative endocrinology 161(1): 3-12 (Review)
- Registered Authors
- Sherwood, Nancy M.
- Keywords
- Whole genome duplication, gene duplicates, Secretin superfamily, hormones, 34 family B receptors, 7TM receptors, PACAP, GHRH-LP, PRP, VIP, PHI, glucagon, GLP-1, 35 GLP-2, GHRH, GIP, teleost fish, zebrafish, fugu, medaka, stickleback, salmonids, rainbow trout
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Fishes/genetics*
- Genes, Duplicate*
- Oncorhynchus mykiss/genetics
- Oryzias/genetics
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics*
- Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone/genetics*
- Secretin/genetics*
- Smegmamorpha/genetics
- Takifugu/genetics
- Zebrafish/genetics
- PubMed
- 19007784 Full text @ Gen. Comp. Endocrinol.
Citation
Roch, G.J., Wu, S., and Sherwood, N.M. (2009) Hormones and receptors in fish: Do duplicates matter?. General and comparative endocrinology. 161(1):3-12.
Abstract
Modern fish are the result of major changes in evolution including three possible duplications of the whole genome. Retained duplicate genes are often involved with metabolism, transcription, neurogenic processes and development. Here we examine the consequences of the most recent (350mya) teleost-specific duplication in five fishes (zebrafish, fugu, medaka, stickleback and rainbow trout) in regard to duplicate copies of hormones and receptors in the secretin superfamily. This subset of genes was selected as the superfamily is limited to ten hormones and their receptors and includes some important members: glucagon, growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). We used reports from the literature and an extensive database search of the fish genomes to evaluate the status of the superfamily and its duplicate genes. We found that all five fish species have an almost complete set of orthologs with the human superfamily of hormones, although they lack secretin and its receptor. Receptor orthologs are present in zebrafish, fugu, medaka, stickleback and to a lesser extent in salmonids. Zebrafish retain duplicate copies for seven hormones and five receptors. Duplicated genes in fugu, medaka, stickleback and salmonids are also present, based mainly on genome annotation or mRNA transcription. Separate chromosome locations and synteny support zebrafish duplicates as the result of large-scale duplications. Novel changes in fish include the modification of a duplicate glucagon receptor to a GLP-1 receptor and, unlike humans, the presence of bioactive and specific PHI and GHRH-like peptide receptors. We conclude that fish duplicates in the secretin superfamily are a rich, mostly unexplored area for endocrine research.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping