PUBLICATION
The Vacuolar-ATPase Complex Regulates Retinoblast Proliferation and Survival, Photoreceptor Morphogenesis and Pigmentation in the Zebrafish Eye
- Authors
- Nuckels, R.J., Ng, A., Darland, T., and Gross, J.M.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-081008-15
- Date
- 2009
- Source
- Investigative ophthalmology & visual science 50(2): 893-905 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Darland, Tristan, Gross, Jeffrey, Nuckels, Richard
- Keywords
- albinism, retinal development, retinal pigment epithelium, photoreceptor morphology
- MeSH Terms
-
- Albinism, Oculocutaneous/genetics*
- Albinism, Oculocutaneous/pathology
- Animals
- Bromodeoxyuridine/metabolism
- Cell Cycle
- Cell Proliferation*
- Cell Survival/physiology
- DNA/biosynthesis
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/pathology
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect
- Genes, Recessive
- In Situ Nick-End Labeling
- Melanosomes/pathology
- Microphthalmos/genetics*
- Microphthalmos/pathology
- Microscopy, Confocal
- Morphogenesis
- Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate/pathology
- Retina/embryology*
- Retina/ultrastructure
- Retinal Pigment Epithelium/pathology
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Stem Cells/pathology
- Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases/physiology*
- Zebrafish
- Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism
- PubMed
- 18836173 Full text @ Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.
Citation
Nuckels, R.J., Ng, A., Darland, T., and Gross, J.M. (2009) The Vacuolar-ATPase Complex Regulates Retinoblast Proliferation and Survival, Photoreceptor Morphogenesis and Pigmentation in the Zebrafish Eye. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science. 50(2):893-905.
Abstract
Purpose: The vacuolar-ATPase (v-ATPase) complex is a key regulator of the acidification of endosomes, lysosomes and the lumenal compartments of several cell types, tissues and organs; however, little is know about the in vivo function of the v-ATPase complex or its roles during eye development. Here, we report the characterization of ocular defects in five zebrafish mutants in which core components of the v-ATPase complex are affected (atp6v1h, atp6v1f, atp6v1e1, atp6v0c and atp6v0d1), as well as a sixth mutant in which a v-ATPase associated protein (atp6ap1) is affected. Methods: v-ATPase mutants were characterized using histological, molecular and ultrastructural analyses. Results: v-ATPase mutants are oculocutaneous albinos and present with defects in the formation and/or survival of melanosomes, and with malformations in the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) that compromise melanosome distribution. v-ATPase mutants are microphthalmic and BrdU incorporation assays indicate that retinoblast cell cycle exit and maintained proliferation in the ciliary marginal zone (CMZ) are compromised. v-ATPase mutants also possess elevated levels of apoptotic neurons within their retinas and brains. Photoreceptor outer segment morphology is abnormal in the mutant eye with rosette structures forming adjacent to affected regions of the RPE. Ultrastructural analyses indicate that RPE cells in v-ATPase mutants possess numerous membrane-bounded vacuoles containing undigested outer segment material. In situ hybridization analyses localized v-ATPase subunit transcripts within the RPE. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that the v-ATPase complex plays a number of critical roles during vertebrate eye development and maintenance, and they suggest that defects in v-ATPase complex function could possibly underlie human ocular disorders that affect the RPE.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping