PUBLICATION
Ethanol- and acetaldehyde-mediated developmental toxicity in zebrafish
- Authors
- Reimers, M.J., Flockton, A.R., and Tanguay, R.L.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-041004-17
- Date
- 2004
- Source
- Neurotoxicology and teratology 26(6): 769-781 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Reimers, Mark, Tanguay, Robyn L.
- Keywords
- Acetaldehyde; Alcohol; Aquatic toxicology; Embryos; Ethanol; Ethyl alcohol; Development; Developmental toxicity; Fetal alcohol syndrome; Larvae; Teratogen; Teratogenicity; Toxicity; Zebrafish
- MeSH Terms
-
- Abnormalities, Multiple/chemically induced*
- Abnormalities, Multiple/pathology
- Abnormalities, Multiple/physiopathology
- Acetaldehyde/toxicity*
- Alcohol Dehydrogenase/analysis
- Alcohol Dehydrogenase/metabolism
- Animals
- Biological Assay/methods
- Bone and Bones/abnormalities
- Bone and Bones/drug effects
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Ear, Inner/abnormalities
- Ear, Inner/drug effects
- Edema/chemically induced
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/abnormalities*
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects*
- Ethanol/toxicity*
- Female
- Pericardium/drug effects
- Pericardium/physiopathology
- Survival Rate
- Teratogens/toxicity
- Yolk Sac/drug effects
- Yolk Sac/physiopathology
- Zebrafish/abnormalities*
- Zebrafish/embryology
- PubMed
- 15451041 Full text @ Neurotoxicol. Teratol.
Citation
Reimers, M.J., Flockton, A.R., and Tanguay, R.L. (2004) Ethanol- and acetaldehyde-mediated developmental toxicity in zebrafish. Neurotoxicology and teratology. 26(6):769-781.
Abstract
Ethanol is a well-established developmental toxicant; however, the mechanism(s) of this toxicity remains unclear. Zebrafish are becoming an important model system for the evaluation of chemical and drug toxicity. In this study, zebrafish embryos were utilized to compare the developmental toxicity resulting from either ethanol or acetaldehyde exposure. Embryos were exposed to waterborne ethanol concentrations for various lengths of time but encompassed the earliest stages of embryogenesis. The waterborne ethanol concentration that causes 50% mortality (LC(50)) following a 45-h ethanol exposure was approximately 340 mM (1.98% v/v). A number of reproducible endpoints resulted from ethanol exposure and included pericardial edema, yolk sac edema, axial malformations, otolith defects, delayed development, and axial blistering. When the exposure period was reduced, similar signs of toxicity were produced at nearly identical ethanol concentrations. To estimate the embryonic dose following a given waterborne ethanol concentration, a kinetic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) assay was adapted. The average embryonic ethanol dose was calculated to be a fraction of the waterborne concentration. Embryos exposed to waterborne acetaldehyde resulted in similar, but not identical, endpoints as those induced by ethanol. Embryos were however, almost three orders of magnitude more sensitive to acetaldehyde than to ethanol. Ethanol and acetaldehyde both negatively impact embryonic development; however, ethanol is more teratogenic based on teratogenic indices (TIs). These results demonstrate that the zebrafish model will provide an opportunity to further evaluate the mechanism of action of ethanol on vertebrate development.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping