PUBLICATION
A protein disulfide isomerase expressed in the embryonic midline is required for left/right asymmetries
- Authors
- Hoshijima, K., Metherall, J.E., and Grunwald, D.J.
- ID
- ZDB-PUB-021016-8
- Date
- 2002
- Source
- Genes & Development 16(19): 2518-2529 (Journal)
- Registered Authors
- Grunwald, David, Hoshijima, Kazuyuki
- Keywords
- none
- MeSH Terms
-
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Body Patterning/physiology*
- DNA, Complementary
- Gastrula/metabolism
- Gastrula/physiology
- Gene Expression
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Morphogenesis
- Protein Disulfide-Isomerases/genetics
- Protein Disulfide-Isomerases/metabolism*
- Zebrafish/embryology*
- PubMed
- 12368263 Full text @ Genes & Dev.
Citation
Hoshijima, K., Metherall, J.E., and Grunwald, D.J. (2002) A protein disulfide isomerase expressed in the embryonic midline is required for left/right asymmetries. Genes & Development. 16(19):2518-2529.
Abstract
Although the vertebrate embryonic midline plays a critical role in determining the left/right asymmetric development of multiple organs, few genes expressed in the midline are known to function specifically in establishing laterality patterning. Here we show that a gene encoding protein disulfide isomerase P5 (PDI-P5) is expressed at high levels in the organizer and axial mesoderm and is required for establishing left/ right asymmetries in the zebrafish embryo. pdi-p5 was discovered in a screen to detect genes down-regulated in the zebrafish midline mutant one-eyed pinhead and expressed predominantly in midline tissues of wild- type embryos. Depletion of the pdi-p5 product with morpholino antisense oligonucleotides results in loss of the asymmetric development of the heart, liver, pancreas, and gut. In addition, PDI-P5 depletion results in bilateral expression of all genes known to be expressed asymmetrically in the lateral plate mesoderm and the brain during embryogenesis. The laterality defects caused by pdi-p5 antisense treatment arise solely due to loss of the PDI-P5 protein, as they are reversed when treated embryos are supplied with an exogenous source of the PDI-P5 protein. Thus the spectrum of laterality defects resulting from depletion of the PDI-P5 protein fully recapitulates that resulting from loss of the midline. As loss of PDI-P5 does not appear to interfere with other aspects of midline development or function, we propose that PDI-P5 is specifically involved in the production of midline-derived signals required to establish left/right asymmetry.
Genes / Markers
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping