PUBLICATION

Botulinum Toxin Induces Muscle Paralysis and Inhibits Bone Regeneration in Zebrafish

Authors
Recidoro, A.M., Roof, A.C., Schmitt, M., Worton, L.E., Petrie, T., Strand, N., Ausk, B.J., Srinivasan, S., Moon, R.T., Gardiner, E.M., Kaminsky, W., Bain, S.D., Allan, C.H., Gross, T.S., Kwon, R.Y.
ID
ZDB-PUB-140513-21
Date
2014
Source
Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research   29(11): 2346-56 (Journal)
Registered Authors
Moon, Randall T., Petrie, Tim, Strand, Nicholas
Keywords
Animal Models, Bone Modeling and Remodeling, Bone-Brain-Nervous System Interactions, Osteoblasts, Skeletal Muscle
MeSH Terms
  • Adult
  • Animals
  • Bone Regeneration/drug effects*
  • Botulinum Toxins/toxicity*
  • Calcification, Physiologic/drug effects*
  • Cell Differentiation/drug effects
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Humans
  • Osteoblasts/metabolism
  • Osteoblasts/pathology
  • Osteogenesis/drug effects*
  • Paralysis/chemically induced
  • Paralysis/metabolism*
  • Paralysis/pathology
  • Zebrafish/metabolism*
PubMed
24806738 Full text @ J. Bone Miner. Res.
Abstract
Intramuscular administration of Botulinum toxin (BTx) has been associated with impaired osteogenesis in diverse conditions of bone formation (e.g., development, growth, and healing), yet the mechanisms of neuromuscular-bone crosstalk underlying these deficits have yet to be identified. Motivated by the emerging utility of zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a rapid, genetically tractable, and optically transparent model for human pathologies (as well as the potential to interrogate neuromuscular-mediated bone disorders in a simple model that bridges in vitro and more complex in vivo model systems), in this study we developed a model of BTx-induced muscle paralysis in adult zebrafish, and examined its effects on intramembranous ossification during tail fin regeneration. BTx administration induced rapid muscle paralysis in adult zebrafish in a manner that was dose-dependent, transient, and focal, mirroring the paralytic phenotype observed in animal and human studies. During fin regeneration, BTx impaired continued bone ray outgrowth, morphology, and patterning, indicating defects in early osteogenesis. Further, BTx significantly decreased mineralizing activity and crystalline mineral accumulation, suggesting delayed late-stage osteoblast differentiation and/or altered secondary bone apposition. Bone ray transection proximal to the amputation site focally inhibited bone outgrowth in the affected ray, implicating intra- and/or inter-ray nerves in this process. Taken together, these studies demonstrate the potential to interrogate pathological features of BTx-induced osteoanabolic dysfunction in the regenerating zebrafish fin, define the technological toolbox for detecting bone growth and mineralization deficits in this process, and suggest that pathways mediating neuromuscular regulation of osteogenesis may be conserved beyond established mammalian models of bone anabolic disorders.
Genes / Markers
Figures
Expression
Phenotype
Mutations / Transgenics
Human Disease / Model
Sequence Targeting Reagents
Fish
Antibodies
Orthology
Engineered Foreign Genes
Mapping